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學號：
?。?/p>
10437213
常
州
大
學
畢 業 設 計 （ 論 文 ）
?。?2014 屆）
題
目
智能水質監測船的設計與實現
學
生
陳
偉
學
院
懷德學院
專
業
班
級
通信 101
校內指導教師
宦
娟
專業技術職務
講
師
校外 指導老師
專業技術職務
二 ○ 一四年三 月
I
智能水質監測船的設計與實現
摘要 摘要：隨著工業化的推進，水質污染情況日益加重，水質情況又是影響養水產殖業最重要的因素，水質的好壞直接決定水產品的質量，目前導致養殖業虧損的原因中，水質監測信息不及時以及檢測系統覆蓋不全面是很重要的一大原因。
針對這一問題本文設計了一種基于 GPS 定位技術和 GSM 通信技術的水質監測船，該船具有避障功能，保證船能夠一直在水中行駛，并且能夠檢測鹽度、PH、溫度等水質數據，當數據超過設定的閥值時會把水質數據發送到用戶手機。
本文先結合水質傳感器的相關知識，然后結合 GSM 和 GPS 提出系統整體方案，分別從硬件和軟件方面詳細介紹設計流程。硬件方面：選擇宏晶公司的 STC12C5A60S2系列單片機作為主控芯片，設計了鹽度、PH、溫度傳感器的信號調理電路，串口通信電路、液晶顯示電路、A/D 采集電路，介紹了玻璃鋼船模的制作過程，提出船模避障方案。軟件方面：介紹各模塊的程序設計思路，提出串口通信程序設計方案、GPS 數據處理方案和 A/D 數據采集方案。
關鍵詞：水質監測；傳感器；GPS；GSM；船模；
II
The design and implementation of intelligent
water quality monitoring ship Abstract Abstract: With the advance of industrialization, water pollution is increasing, water quality and influence factors of the aquatic breeding industry is the most important,quality determines the quality of aquatic products, the cause of aquaculture loss,water quality monitoring information is not timely and the coverage is not comprehensive detection system is a very important reason. GSM is a global communication system, is currently the most widely used mobile phone standard, GSM SMS short message service is simple to use, low cost, this paper proposes using GSM messaging to monitoring of data transfer scheme. GPS is the global positioning system, is currently the most widely used positioning system, GPS has the characteristics of all-weather, high precision, low cost, this paper proposes the use of GPS positioning to determine the monitoring area. This paper first introduces the related knowledge of water quality sensor, then combined with GSM and GPS put forward the overall scheme of the system,respectively from the aspects of hardware and software detailed design process. Hardware: the use of STC12C5A60S2 micro controller series macro crystal company as the main control chip, design the salinity, PH, temperature sensor signal conditioning circuit, serial communication circuit, liquid crystal display circuit, A/D sampling circuit, introduces the production process of glass steel ship, the ship collision avoidance scheme. Software: the program design of each module, the serial communication program design, GPS data processing data acquisition and program A/D. Key words : Water quality monitoring; sensor; GPS; GSM; ship model;
III 目 目 錄 錄
摘要 ..................................................................................................................................... I Abstract .............................................................................................................................. II 目 錄 ................................................................................................................................ III 1 引言 ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 本課題的研究目的及意義 ................................................................................. 1 1.2 國內外研究現狀和發展趨勢 .............................................................................. 1 1.3 論文的主要工作 .................................................................................................. 1 2 系統的整體設計 ............................................................................................................ 3 2.1 系統需求分析 ..................................................................................................... 3 2.1.1 系統功能需求分析 ................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 系統性能需求分析 ................................................................................... 3 2.2 系統的布局結構 ................................................................................................. 3 3 系統硬件電路設計 ........................................................................................................ 5 3.1 系統硬件電路設計概述 ...................................................................................... 5 3.2 傳感器模塊設計 ................................................................................................. 6 3.2.1 鹽度傳感器設計 ...................................................................................... 6 3.2.2 PH 傳感器設計 ......................................................................................... 7 3.2.3 溫度傳感器設計 ....................................................................................... 8 3.3 GPS 定位模塊設計 .............................................................................................. 9 3.3.1 GPS 模塊選擇 ........................................................................................... 9 3.3.2 GPS 工作原理 ........................................................................................... 9 3.3.3 GPS 模塊結構圖 ....................................................................................... 9 3.3.4 GPS 模塊原理圖 ..................................................................................... 10 3.4 GSM 通信模塊設計 .......................................................................................... 13 3.4.1 GSM 模塊選擇 ....................................................................................... 13 3.4.2 SMS 短信業務 ........................................................................................ 13 3.4.3 GSM 模塊電源電路 ............................................................................... 13 3.5 串口通信模塊設計 ........................................................................................... 13 3.6 液晶顯示模塊設計 ........................................................................................... 14 3.7 A/D 采集電路設計 ............................................................................................ 14 3.8 船模設計 ........................................................................................................... 15 3.8.1 玻璃鋼簡介 ............................................................................................ 15 3.8.2 船模設計步驟 ........................................................................................ 15 3.8.3 動力部分設計 ........................................................................................ 17 3.8.4 避障模塊設計 ........................................................................................ 19 3.8.5 轉向模塊設計 ........................................................................................ 20
IV 4 軟件部分設計 .............................................................................................................. 21 4.1 系統主函數 ....................................................................................................... 21 4.2 GPS 部分軟件設計 ............................................................................................ 21 4.2.1 GPS 術語表 ............................................................................................. 21 4.2.2 GPS 數據解析 ......................................................................................... 22 4.3 GSM 部分軟件設計 .......................................................................................... 23 4.4 液晶顯示程序設計 ........................................................................................... 24 4.5 A/D 采集部分程序設計 .................................................................................... 25 5 系統實驗測試 .............................................................................................................. 27 5.1 標定實驗 ........................................................................................................... 27 5.1.1 鹽度標定 ................................................................................................ 27 5.1.2 PH 的標定 ............................................................................................... 28 5.1.3 溫度的標定 ............................................................................................ 29 5.2 GSM 模塊配置 .................................................................................................. 30 5.3 GPS 數據校驗 .................................................................................................... 32 5.4 運行結果 ........................................................................................................... 32 6 本文總結 ...................................................................................................................... 34 6.1 總結 ................................................................................................................... 34 6.2 未來工作展望 ................................................................................................... 34 參 考 文 獻 .................................................................................................................... 35 致 謝 .............................................................................................................................. 36
第 1 頁 共 41 頁 1 引言 “十一五”期間我國水產養殖業發展迅速，水產品的質量、數量明顯增加，為我國實現農業現代化進程做出重要貢獻。“十二五”時期，人們對水產品的養殖安...
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